Machine foe shaping brush blocks or backs



(No Model.) r 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

, J. COOK,

MACHINE FOR SHAPING BRUSH BLOCKS-0R BACKS.

No. 492,660. I Patented Feb. Z8 1893.

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(No Model.) 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. GOOKQ MACHINE FOR SHAPING BRUSH BLOCKS 0R BACKS.

No. 492,660. Patented Feb. 28, 1893.

( I 1 ATTORNEYS.

m: NORRIS PETERS (2a., FNOTO'LITKO WASHINGTON, u c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OF icE.

JOHN OOOK, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO DAVID R.BROWN, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR SHAPING BRUSH BLOCKS OR BACKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,660, dated February28, 1893. Application filed May '7 1892. Serial No. 432.207. (N model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN COOK, of Trenton, in the county of Mercer andState of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Machine forShaping Brush-Blocks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to a machine for shaping brush blocks or backs, andhas for its ob- [0 j ect to provide a simple, durable and economicmechanism whereby a brush block or back may be expeditiously,conveniently and safely manipulated in a manner to receive any desiredor predetermined shape; and in which I 5 also the bristles may beutilized as a former.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures and letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the views.

2 5 Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof, and Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken practically on the lines33 of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a detail plan View of one of the knives;and, Fig. 5 is an 0 end View of the brush block, illustrating the veneerattached thereto and undercut or trimmed at its edges.

A frame A preferably rectangular in general contour is supported in ahorizontal po- 5 5 sition upon legs 13 of any approved construction.Cross bars 10, are located in the horizontal portion of the frame, andupon these cross bars are secured boxes 11 in which a shaft 12 isjournaled, the shaft extending lon- 4o gitudinally of the machine. Theshaft is provided with a driving pulley 13, and is adapted to carry oneor more cutter heads 0. In the drawings the shaft is illustrated ashaving two such heads attached, one at or near each 5 end.

The cutter head is best shown in Fig. 3 and is of practically circularshape, but the periphery of the head is stepped, forming a series ofinclined planes 14, and upon each inclined 5o plane a knife 15 ismounted. The knives I prefer to use are shown in plan View in Fig. 4 andform the subject of a separate patent. They are slotted in the center at16 and attached to the cutter head 0 through said slots by means of setscrews whereby they maybe adj usted longitudinally upon the inclinedfaces of the cutter head.

Another important feature of my invention is the essentially concealingor covering up ofthe cutter heads and its blades by means of housings19, so that the operator is at all times guarded thereby from personalinjury from the rapidly revolving knives in presenting the brush blockto be cut and shaped thereby. Each housing 19-is provided in the frontwith a slot or opening 20 through which the knives pass when the machineis-in operation and in front of each housing a table 21 is located, thetable being also provided with slots 22 to admit of the passage of thecutters.

Another important part of my invention is in the provision of adjustable-vertical guides. The tables 21 are adapted to support thearticles to be operated upon and also serve as 5 supports for theguides. At the left of Figs. 1 and 2 is shown a guide which consists ofa plate of metal 23 attached to brackets 24 near its ends, the platebeing vertically adjustable upon the brackets and the brackets laterally8o adjustable upon the table. The guide 23 does not extend down to thetable, but a space 25 is left between the lower edge of the guide plateand the table so as to allow the wood of the block to protrude throughto the cutter. This guide plate may be either straight or curved in thedirection of its length to adapt it to the shape to be given to thebrush block, and to that end it may be given any other shape that inpractice may be found desir- 9o able. It operates to hold the block fromslipping or movingvertically during the shaping of it by the cutter andmanifestly it may be so shaped as to be used as a guide for producingthe curvatures to be given the brush 5 block. 7

Another form of guide for performing another part of the shaping of thebrush block is shown at 26 on the right hand of Figs. 1 and 2. Thisguide is located immediately I00 over the opening 20 in the housing 19,and is adjustably attached by slots and set screws at its upper end to ayoke-like frame 27,which frame is adjustably attached to the table 21.The lower end of the guide 26, or that portion adjacent to the opening20 may have a convex outer face or may be concave, flat or of othershape as the character of the work may demand. The curvature at itslower end shown in the drawings, is provided to fit the shape of thedepth of the brush.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated a brush block or back 28, having thebristles 29 inserted therein and a veneer 30 applied to the upper faceof the block;"

The machine is adapted to shape the blocks, or the veneers to the shapeof the blocks, and in shaping a veneer, for instance, the bristles ofthe brush may be used as a former, or the block itself may beemployedfor that purpose. If the bristles are to be used asaformer, the guide infront of the head to be brought into action is elevated a sufficientdistance above the table 21 to permit the projecting edges of the veneerto pass beneath it and likewise the edge of the block or back, and thebristles of the brush are brought to bear directly against the guide.The machine being brought into operation it is then simply necessary forthe operator to turn the block in front of the cutters, keeping thebristles against the guide, and the veneer will be trimmed down close tothe edge of the block or back, or may be made to project a slightdistance if desired, the shape of the veneer corresponding in everyrespect to the marginal contour of the bristles. used as a former, inwhich case the guide is elevated a sufficient distance only to permitthe veneer to extend inward to the knives, and the edges of the blockare brought to bear against the guide.

Again, in the construction of brushes without handles, that is, handlesforming an extension of the body, the bristles may be set in a block ofany shape, and any desired outline may be given to the bristles. Theblock, with the bristles inserted is then taken to the machine, and theguide is adjusted so that the block will pass readily beneath the guide,to be engaged by the knives of the cutter head, the bristles beingbrought to bear against the guide, will in this instance act as formersor shapers, and the block may be turned as rapidly as desired, and asturned will receive a marginal contour corresponding to the contour ofthe bristles.

If the brush block or back is to have a handle as an extension of thebody, as in hair brushes, for instance, the handle portion has appliedthereto a former which at its margin is made to bear against the guides,and the handle, when the block has been presented to the cutter head andturned in front of it, will partake of the shape of the former.

In order that the edges of the block may be beveled or chamfered whendesired, a guide Or the block may be in the form of an angular hopper 31is located at the top of the housing 19, which hopper extends downthrough an opening in the top of the housing in the path of the cutters15; and the lower end of the hopper is provided with an opening 32,through which the cutters pass. Thus as shown in Fig. 3, when a block isplaced in the angular hopper guide, one side of which serves as a restfor the back of ,the block while the other operates as a stop for theedge thereof, the knives, as the heads revolve, pass upward through theslot 32 in the hopper, and bevel or chamfer the edge of the blockpresented to them.

It will be observed that this machine is exceedingly simple inconstruction, the provision of concealed cutter heads and guides adaptedthereto enabling an operator with entire safety from injury to hisperson, to expeditiously and conveniently present brush blocks to themachine, manipulate the-blocks in front of the cutters, and produce inashort space of time any desired shape of block, and in the operation maywork very rapidly either to the right or to the left with a feeling ofentire security that he can not spoil the material upon which he isoperating.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for shaping articles, wherein a rotary cutter headof'disk-like contour is employed, the combination with a horizontalsupporting frame, a table 21 therefor, constructed with a single openspace between them, and with connecting cross bars 10, j ournals 11supported in said cross bars, a driving shaft 12 supported in saidjournals and projecting beyond the same, and on which the cutter head ismounted; and a housing 19 practically inclosing the cutter head andprovided with an opening 20 registering with the slotted opening 22 inthe table, into which the knife edge of the'cutter head may pass in itsrotation; substantially as described.

2. In a machine for shaping articles, the combination with a rotatingcutter head of disk-like contour, the head having its periphery formedin a series of inclined planes, knives located upon the inclinedsurfaces of the head, of a housing essentially covering the head andprovided with an opening through which the knives pass as the head isrotated, a vertical guide or gage 23 located in front of the opening,with means for adjusting the same vertically, whereby theblock or thebristles in the block, presented to the cutter head, may be made toserve as formers or patterns for the veneer or the block, as the casemay be, substantially as specified.

3. In a machine for shaping articles, the combination with a rotarycutter head of disk-like contour having its periphery formed with aseries of inclined planes, and knives secured upon its inclinedsurfaces, of atable located in front of the head and having an openingin which the head rotates, a housing practically inclosing the head andprovided with an opening registering with that in the.

and having an opening in which the head revolves, a housing practicallyinclosing the head and provided'with an opening registering with that inthe table, an angular hoppershaped guide 31 projecting throughthehousing 19 in the path of the knives of the cutter head, the saidguide being provided with an opening 32 for the passage of the cutters,substantially'as described.

' JOHN COOK.

Witnesses:

RoBT. B. BONNEY, D. R; BROWN.

